PREVENTIVE EFFECT OF CRANBERRY GEL ON DENTIN SUBMITTED TO EROSION

Aims: Considering that Cranberry's components might inhibit dentin metalloproteinases exposed to erosive agents, the aim of this study was to evaluate in situeffect of a Cranberry gel application on dentin before an erosive challenge.Materials and methods: This crossover double-blinded study was performed in 2 phases of 5 days each, with 10 healthy volunteers who wore 2 palatal devices (1 for each phase) with 4 dentin specimens (2 specimens for each group). The groups under study were:First Phase: G1 -Erosivechallenge (Coca-cola®) over dentin without any previous treatment (1st negative control group); G2 -Erosive challenge over dentin previously treated with Cranberry gel (test group); and Second Phase: G3 -Erosive challenge over dentin previously treated with a gel without any active principle (2ndnegative control group); G4 -Erosive challenge over dentin previously treated with 0.12% Chlorhexidine gel (positive control group). Each device was immersed into the acid beverage, 3 times daily for 5 minutes during 5 days. Profilometry (µm) was used to quantify the dentin wear. Data were analyzed by Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance followed by Fisher's test (p<0.05).Results: Data (G1: 4.98 ± 1.36a; G2: 3.29 ± 1.16b; G3: 4.38 ± 1.19a; G4: 3.32 ± 1.55b) showed no statistical difference between G1 and G3. There was also no difference between G2 and G4. However, G2 and G4 presented lower wear when compared to G1 and G3, and this difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: The results of this studysuggest a significant efficacy of Cranberry gel in preventing wear of dentin subjected to dental erosion.

Prácticas de salud bucal durante los primeros 1000 días de vida: Revisión de la literatura

Objetivo: Realizar una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura sobre las buenas prácticas en salud bucal, durante los primeros 1000 días de vida, el cual abarcó el periodo de gestación y los dos primeros años del niño. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura científica desde febrero a marzo de 2022, para lo cual se utilizó las bases de datos Pubmed y Scopus. Los criterios de inclusión abarcaron artículos originales y revisiones sistemáticas (con o sin metanálisis) publicados entre 2016 y 2022. Se emplearon estrategias de búsqueda usando palabras clave, en inglés, derivadas del MeSH. Además, se revisó la literatura gris para definir algunos conceptos clave. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 72 artículos científicos y cuatro referencias de la literatura gris (una guía de práctica clínica y tres reportes). Los temas identificados se categorizaron en: buenas prácticas de higiene bucal, buenas prácticas de alimentación de la gestante y el infante, hábitos parafuncionales, y visitas al odontólogo. De acuerdo a los resultados, las recomendaciones clave para promover buenas prácticas de salud bucal durante este periodo crucial incluyen el uso de pasta dentífrica con flúor para la higiene dental una vez que erupcionan los dientes, evitar el consumo de azúcar libre, fomentar la lactancia materna en vez del uso del biberón y las visitas al odontólogo desde antes del nacimiento. Conclusión: Las buenas prácticas en salud bucal durante los primeros 1000 días de vida influyen significativamente en la salud oral y general del niño, por lo que es necesario adoptar medidas preventivas desde la gestación, enfocadas en la higiene oral y nutrición. La colaboración de un equipo de salud multidisciplinario, durante el embarazo y los dos primeros años de vida, es vital para mejorar la salud bucodental y general de la población.

Objective: To conduct a bibliographic literature review on current good practices in oral health during the first 1000 days of life, encompassing the gestation period and the initial two years of the child. Materials and methods:A scientific literature review was conducted in February and March 2022, utilizing the Pubmed and Scopus databases. The inclusion criteria encompassed original articles and systematic reviews (with or without meta-analysis) published between 2016 and 2022. Search strategies incorporating English keywords derived from MeSH were employed. Additionally, the grey literature was reviewed to define some key concepts. Results:72 scientific articles, and four references from the grey literature (one clinical practice guide and three reports) were selected. The identified themes were categorized as follows: good oral hygiene practices, good feeding practices for pregnant women and infants, parafunctional habits, and dental visits. Based on the findings, the key recommendations for promoting good oral health practices during this crucial period include the use of fluoride toothpaste for oral hygiene once teeth erupt, avoidance of free sugar consumption, encouragement of breastfeeding over bottle-feeding, and early dental visits before birth. Conclusion:Good oral health practices during the first 1000 days of life significantly impact the child's oral and general health, necessitating preventive measures starting from gestation, with a focus on oral hygiene and nutrition. The collaborative efforts of a multidisciplinary healthcare team during pregnancy and the initial two years of life are vital for enhancing both oral and general health outcomes for the population.

Preventive program based on multiple intelligences to promote oral health in disabled children from Chiclayo, Peru / Programa preventivo basado en inteligencias múltiples para promover la salud bucal en niños discapacitados de Chiclayo, Perú

Introduction: Children with physical disabilities often present deficient oral hygiene and eating habits that threaten optimal oral health. Objective: To evaluate the result of a preventive program based on multiple intelligences to pro-mote oral health care in children with physical disabilities in Chiclayo - Peru. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental, quan-titative, prospective and longitudinal study was carried out from the year 2020, to test a preventive intervention based on multiple intelligences (MI), comparing it with an intervention with traditional methodology, whose purpose was in both cases promote preventive oral health care in 167 boys and girls with physical disabilities from four Special Basic Education Centers (CEBES) in Chiclayo. For the pre- and post-test evaluation using a dental record of oral hygiene practices, oral hygiene index and dietary exposure to sugary carbohydrates, the Mann Whitney U test was required, with a confidence level of 95%. Results: After not very encouraging findings in the pretest for both groups, significant changes were observed in the posttest in favor of the IM-based program, for which 58% of schoolchildren registered an adequate oral hygiene index, 69.2% brushed twice to three times a day and that only 35.8% present regular exposure to carbohydrates. Statistical significance was evidenced in favor of the MI-based intervention for the three indicated variables (p= 0.000). Conclusions: The application of the IM-based program achieved better results in the significant promotion of oral hygiene practices with a favorable record of the IHO and by reducing the exposure to carbohydrates in a vulnerable population.Keywords: Health promotion; Oral health; Preventive dentistry; Health education; Children with disabilities.

Efecto del tratamiento de la morfología oclusal con materiales para restauraciones preventivas / Effect of treating occlusal morphology with materials for preventive restorations

Introducción: las fosas y fisuras son áreas formadas por delgadas irregularidades de la capa del esmalte de la superficie oclusal. La compleja morfología en dientes posteriores es un determinante biológico asociado al desarrollo de caries. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de diversas formas de tratar la morfología oclusal en la adaptación y penetración de materiales utilizados en restauraciones preventivas. Material y métodos: diseño experimental e in vitro. Sesenta terceros molares fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en dos grupos: surco sin ameloplastia y con ameloplastia; además, contaban con acondicionamiento del esmalte que se subdividió en tres subgrupos: 1) sellador de fosas y fisuras, 2) adhesivo/sellador de fosas y fisuras y 3) adhesivo/ resina Flow. Resultados: los subgrupos adhesivo/sellador y adhesivo/ Flow alcanzaron mayores valores de adaptación íntima a las paredes del surco. Las diferencias fueron significativas entre los materiales (p = 0.0009). Las mayores zonas de desadaptación resultaron para el sellador sin y con ameloplastia. La penetración de los materiales fue mayor en los surcos con ameloplastia. En los surcos tratados con ameloplastia, el adhesivo/Flow reveló el mayor porcentaje de penetración y la mejor adaptación a las paredes del surco. Conclusiones: la penetración del material está positivamente correlacionada con la profundidad del surco. El sellador con y sin ameloplastia mostró pobre adaptación a las paredes del surco (AU)

Introduction: pits and fissures are areas formed by fine irregularities in the enamel layer of the occlusal surface. The complex morphology in posterior teeth are biological determinants associated with the development of caries. Objective: to evaluate the effect of various ways of treating occlusal morphology on the adaptation and penetration of materials used in preventive restorations. Material and methods: experimental design, in vitro. Sixty third molars were randomly distributed into two groups: groove without ameloplasty and with ameloplasty, with enamel conditioning with three subgroups: 1) pit and fissure sealer, 2) adhesive/pit and fissure sealer, 3) adhesive/resin flow. Results: the adhesive/sealant and adhesive/flow subgroups reached higher values of intimate adaptation to the furrow walls. The differences were significant between the materials (p = 0.0009). The largest areas of maladjustment were found for the sealant without and with ameloplasty. The penetration of the materials was greater in the grooves with ameloplasty. In the grooves treated with ameloplasty, the adhesive/flow revealed the highest percentage of penetration and the best adaptation to the walls of the groove. Conclusions: the penetration of the material is positively correlated with the depth of the furrow. The sealant with and without ameloplasty showed poor adaptation to the sulcus walls (AU)

Bathroom Behaviors Regarding Oral Hygiene Items During COVID-19 Home Isolation: A Cross-Sectional Study in Southern Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe behaviors with oral hygiene items in single-bathroom households during the domiciliary isolation of individuals with positive 'Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction' (RTPCR+) in southern Brazil. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted with Research and Monitoring Sector of COVID-19 data from Palhoça, Brazil, of individuals aged ≥18 years, living in a singlebathroom household, who had an RT-PCR positive. A link of Google Forms was used. Socio-demographic information, characteristics during the home isolation, oral hygiene, and behaviors with oral hygiene items in the bathroom were collected. Descriptive stratified analyses according to age were conducted (<40 and ≥40 years). Results: Among 524 individuals, 36% were aged ≥40 years. During isolation, according to the behaviors with oral hygiene items in the household single-bathroom, 70% (95%CI 64.9-75.5) of the youngest participants reported sharing toothbrushes in the same container and 30% (95%CI 24.4-35.1) of the oldest; use of the same toothpaste was reported by 67% (95%CI 62.8-71.7) of the youngest and 33% (95%CI 28.337.3) of the oldest participants. For the outcome of sharing the same toothpaste, the chances for the youngest and the oldest to share the same toothbrush container was 11 times and 6 times more, respectively. Conclusion: The individuals related good oral hygiene habits; however, behaviors with oral hygiene items in the bathroom were neglected, especially by the younger individuals.

Oral Condition of Adolescents who Participated in an Oral Health Program During the First Decade of Life

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the oral health of adolescents who participated in an oral health preventive program during the first decade of life. Material and Methods: For the evaluation of dental caries and gingival condition, DMFT and Community Periodontal Index were used, both recommended by the World Health Organization. To verify the occurrence of dental fluorosis, the Dean index was used. Results: Data collection was obtained from 252 patients aged 12 to 16 years. The average DMFT index was 1.14; in relation to the gingival condition, the index of healthy gingival tissue prevailed and the average of this value was 84%, with code 0 being more registered in tooth 11, code 1, more frequently in teeth 16/17 and 36/37 and for last, code 2, in tooth 31 most frequently. Dean's index showed a percentage of 89% of patients without clinical signs of dental fluorosis. Conclusion: Adolescents participating in an oral health preventive program in the first decade of life exhibited very satisfactory results regarding the prevention of caries disease, healthy periodontal condition and reduced prevalence of dental fluorosis.

Nanosilver fluoride as a caries arresting agent in children A systematic review and meta- analysis

Background: Dental caries is one of the most common concerns in oral health of children. Arresting these lesions is a treatment which is gaining momentum as against conventional restorative approaches. Aim: The aim is to evaluate the efficacy of nanosilver fluoride (NSF) as a caries arresting agent in primary teeth or first permanent molars in children. Design: The protocol for the systematic review has been registered with PROSPERO database (CRD42020162386). Several databases, such as PubMed®/MEDLINE, Web of Science™, Scopus®, Google Scholar, LILACS, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, and BBO, were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which evaluated the arrestment of caries, in primary teeth and first permanent molars in children, with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. The Risk of Bias tool by Cochrane reviews system software, Revman 5.4.1, was used for quality assessment of the included RCTs. The quality evaluation was done using the GRADE approach. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane's Q and I2 statistics. Results: Five studies were included for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The Risk Ratio for NSF versus active control group was assessed to be 1.09 (0.93-1.28) with 95% Confidence Interval and for placebo control was 0.49 (0.35-0.67). Conclusion: NSF shows promise as a caries arrestment agent when applied in primary teeth.

An In Vitro Study to Assess the Root Canal Morphology of Human Primary Molars Using Computerised Tomography

Background: A virtuous consideration of root canal morphology is required. Complications all through and after endodontic therapy are frequently caused by variances in the anatomy of root canals in primary teeth. The goal of present study was to determine the number and shape of root canals in primary incisors and molars, as well as the pertinency of cone beam computerised tomography (CBCT) in doing so.Material & Methods:On a total of 60 primary molars and incisors with complete root length, CBCT was used to assess the number of roots, number of canals, width of root canal at cementoenamel junction and middle-third, length and angulations of roots. The information was statistically analysed. Results:The CBCT revealed that 13 percent of mandibular incisors had bifurcation of the root canal in the middle third, while 20% of mandibular molars had two canals in the distal root. The distobuccal root canal diameter of maxillary molars and the mesiolingual canal diameter of mandibular molars were determined to be the smallest.Conclusions:Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a comparatively new and effective technology that can be used in conjunction with conventional radiography to examine variations in root canal morphology in primary teeth.

Angina de Ludwig durante el embarazo. Reporte de caso / Ludwig's angina during pregnancy. Case report

RESUMEN Los cambios fisiológicos, hormonales e inmunes causados por el embarazo pueden predisponer a mayor riesgo de complicaciones infecciosas, en especial en infecciones odontogénicas. La angina de Ludwig es una complicación infecciosa rápidamente progresiva que afecta al suelo de la cavidad bucal, generalmente secundaria a abscesos de segundos y terceros molares mandibulares que posteriormente se extiende a los espacios submandibular, sublingual y submentoniano. Si no es tratada rápida y adecuadamente puede tener consecuencias mortales, como obstrucción de las vías aéreas altas y sepsis. Su aparición durante el embarazo está asociada a mayor riesgo de morbilidad perinatal severa, en la mayoría de los casos secundaria a hipoxia tisular. El tratamiento es la administración de antibióticos de amplio espectro y, en algunos casos, descompresión quirúrgica de las zonas afectadas. Pero es necesario considerar los potenciales efectos adversos fetales del manejo. Es fundamental reforzar la importancia de la buena salud bucodental de la embarazada para evitar esta complicación. Se presenta un caso de angina de Ludwig durante el embarazo.

ABSTRACT Physiological, hormonal and immune changes caused by pregnancy may predispose to increased risk of infectious complications, especially in odontogenic infections. Ludwig's angina is a rapidly progressive infectious complication affecting the floor of the oral cavity, usually secondary to abscesses of mandibular second and third molars that subsequently spreads to the submandibular, sublingual and submental spaces. If not treated quickly and adequately it can have fatal consequences, such as upper airway obstruction and sepsis. Its occurrence during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of severe perinatal morbidity, in most cases secondary to tissue hypoxia. Treatment consists of the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics and, in some cases, surgical decompression of the affected areas. But it is necessary to consider the potential adverse fetal effects of management. It is essential to reinforce the importance of good oral health of the pregnant woman to avoid this complication. A case of Ludwig's angina during pregnancy is presented.

Efficacy of Resin Infiltration and Fluoride Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Varnish on Non-cavitated Active White Spot Lesions in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract Objective: To compare the efficacy of resin infiltration and fluoride casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate varnish on non-cavitated active white spot lesions in 5-8 years old children. Material and Methods: 60 non-cavitated active white spot lesions in 60 patients with ICDAS II score 2 from both genders in the age range of 5 to 8 years were taken. Thirty lesions were treated by resin infiltration (Group 1) and 30 by Fluoride CPP-ACP varnish (Group 2). Resin infiltration was performed on the same day, while Fluoride CPP-ACP varnish was applied once a week for 4 weeks. The follow-up was done at 3, 6 months, and 12 months. Results: At 3, 6, and 12 months change in mean ICDAS II Score in group 1 was 1.5±0.5,1.13±0.73 and 0.9±0.88, respectively, while in group 2, it was observed to be 0.30±0.59, 0.4±0.89 and 0.06±0.82, respectively (p<0.001). Conclusion: Resin infiltration was more successful than Fluoride CCP-ACP varnish in active non-cavitated white spot lesions (AU).

Prevalence of malocclusion in early childhood and its associated factors in a primary care service in Brazil / Prevalência de maloclusões na primeira infância e fatores associados em um serviço de atenção primária no Brasil

ABSTRACT Purpose to evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion and its associated factors of children cared for by a PHC Service in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Methods a cross-sectional study nested in a cohort, carried out in 12 Health Care Practices. Of the 414 children in the cohort examined, 268 were assessed for malocclusion. The presence of anterior open bite, posterior and anterior crossbite was evaluated by the criteria of Foster and Hamilton. Socioeconomic variables, breastfeeding habits and pacifier use information were collected through a standardized questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using a hierarchical approach by Poisson Regression with robust variance. Results out of the total 268 evaluated, 135 (50.4%) were boys, and the average age was 28.6 (± 11.9) months. Out of the 143 (53.4%) cases of malocclusion, 113 were anterior open bite, 16 were anterior crossbite, 27 were posterior crossbite, and 38 had increased overjet. In the final analysis, it was observed that there was a higher prevalence of malocclusion in children who never breastfed (PR = 1.44; 95%CI 1.00-2.08) and who always used a pacifier to sleep (PR = 1.81; 95%CI 1.14-2.86). Conclusion the prevalence of malocclusion in this population was high and was associated with behavioral habits, such as the use of pacifier and not breastfeeding.

RESUMO Objetivo avaliar a prevalência de maloclusões e seus fatores associados em crianças atendidas em um Serviço de APS de Porto Alegre, Brasil. Método estudo transversal aninhado a uma coorte, realizado em 12 Unidades de Saúde. Das 414 crianças da coorte examinadas, 268 foram examinadas para maloclusão. A presença de mordida aberta anterior, mordida cruzada posterior e anterior foi avaliada pelos critérios de Foster e Hamilton. Variáveis socioeconômicas, hábitos de amamentação e informações sobre o uso de chupeta foram coletados por meio de questionário padronizado. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de uma abordagem hierárquica por Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Resultados do total de 268 avaliados, 135 (50,4%) eram meninos e a média de idade foi de 28,6 (± 11,9) meses. Dos 143 (53,4%) casos de maloclusão, 113 eram mordida aberta anterior, 16 eram mordida cruzada anterior, 27 eram mordida cruzada posterior e 38 tinham overjet acentuado. Na análise final, observou-se que houve maior prevalência de maloclusões em crianças que nunca foram amamentadas (RP = 1,44; IC95% 1,00-2,08) e que sempre usaram chupeta para dormir (RP = 1,81; IC95% 1,14 -2,86). Conclusão a prevalência de maloclusões nesta população foi elevada e esteve associada a hábitos comportamentais, como o uso de chupeta e a não amamentação.

Effectiveness and Legitimacy of the Motivational Interviewing With Caregivers on the Oral Health of Special Patients

ABSTRACT: Difficulty of caregivers in performing oral hygiene for Patients with Special Needs, usually leads to demotivation and negligence. In order to adhere to healthy habits, an intervention model was created: Motivational Interview (MI). It consists of a collaborative conversation to strengthen motivation and commitment to change. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and legitimacy of MI in a single session on the oral health of children with special needs, unable to perform the ir hygiene. Methods: Exploratory study with paired randomization, double-blind, including caregivers of patients aged 2 to 19 years treated at the Physical and Motor Rehabilitation Center of IMIP/Recife-Brazil. Caregivers were allocated to a test (Motiv ational Interview) or control (Traditional Counseling) group. In t0, they answered questionnaires, and the child's dental chart and Vis ible Plaque Index (VPI) were filled. MI group participated in a 10 min Motivational Interview involving guidance on brushing techniq ues and making mouth openers. TC group attended a lecture addressing the same theme. In t1, questionnaires were reapplied, followed by a new VPI and dental chart, in addition to a satisfaction survey regarding the methodology used. Results: After 30 days, the MI group showed a decrease in VPI when comparing the medians (14.70 vs. 10.71) and an increase in the frequency of daily brushing to 03 x or more (44.4 % vs. 77.8 %), while the TC group remained practically stable (8.75 vs. 10.71 and 28.6), but with no statistically significant difference between groups (p = 5 %). Both legitimized the workshop as a pleasurable activity (100 %) and felt motivated after completion (TC = 85.7 %, MI = 100 %). Conclusion: A single session of MI reduced VPI from disabled children, however, without proving to be more effective than Traditional Counseling.

RESUMEN: La dificultad de los cuidadores para realizar la higiene oral en pacientes con necesidades especiales, generalmente conduce a la desmotivación y negligencia. Con el objetivo de adherirse a los hábitos saludables, se creó un modelo de intervención a partir de una conversación colaborativa: Entrevista Motivacional (EM). El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la eficacia y la legitimidad de la EM en la salud oral para los PNE infantiles. Estudio exploratorio con aleatorización pareada, doble ciego, que incluye cuidadores de pacientes de 2 a 19 años tratados en el Centro de Rehabilitación Física y Motora del IMIP/Recife- Brasil. Los cuidadores fueron asignados en dos grupos: prueba (Entrevista Motivacional - EM) y control (Consejería Tradicional - CT). En t0, se respondieron los cuestionarios y se realizó el Odontograma y el Índice de Placa Visible (IPV) del niño. Grupo EM participó en una entrevista motivacional de 10 minutos que incluyó orientación sobre las técnicas de cepillado y la apertura de la cavidad oral. Grupo CT asistió a una conferencia sobre el mismo tema. En t1, se volvieron a aplicar los cuestionarios, seguidos de una nueva IPV y un odontograma, además de una encuesta de satisfacción sobre la metodología utilizada. Después de 30 días, el grupo EM mostró una disminución en IPV al comparar las media- nas (14,70 vs. 10,71) y un aumento en la frecuencia diaria de cepillado a 03x o más (44,4 % vs. 77,8 %), mientras que el grupo CT permaneció prácticamente estable (8,75 vs. 8,92 y 28,6), pero sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos (p = 5 %). Ambos legitimaron el taller como una actividad placentera (100 %) y se sintieron motivados después de la finalización (AT = 85,7 %, EM = 100 %). Una sola sesión de EM redujo la IPV de las PNE, sin demostrar que es más efectiva que la asesoría tradicional.

Eficácia de óleos vegetais no controle do biofilme dental: revisão integrativa / Efficacy of vegetable oils in control of dental biofilm: integrative review / Eficacia de los aceites vegetales en el control de biofilm dental: revision integrativa

Introdução:A terapia de bochecho com óleos vegetais é uma cultura tradicional na Índia com intuito de prevenir afecções bucais, como cárie e doença periodontal. Atualmente, com as mudanças nos padrões alimentares da sociedade, tem-se empregado com maior valor o uso de óleos naturais, já que estudos demonstram sua importância para saúde.Objetivo:Esta revisão integrativa teve como objetivo selecionar evidências que mostrassem a utilização de óleos vegetais, com ação antimicrobiana, no controle do biofilme dental. Metodologia:O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado nos meses de julho e agosto de 2020, por meio de pesquisa por via eletrônica, consultando-se o banco de dados Pubmed e SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online). Foram utilizados os descritores: Óleos vegetais, agentes antimicrobianos, Placa dental, Odontologia preventiva e Odontologia, os descritores foram usados separadamente e em cruzamento com o operador boleano AND. Utilizou-se os seguintes critérios de inclusão: Estudos clínicos, artigos completos e disponíveis gratuitamente, publicados no período de 2010 a 2020 em português e/ou inglês, e indexados nas bases de dados já citadas. Foram excluídos os trabalhos de conclusão de curso, dissertações, teses, livros e capítulos de livros, além de artigos duplicados e que não abordaram o tema do estudo.Resultados:Atenderam os critérios da pesquisa 04 estudos do tipo clínico randomizado, os quais mostraram eficiência dos óleos vegetais utilizados no controle do biofilme dental. A realização de pesquisas envolvendo e motivando a industrialização de produtos naturaiscontribui para a Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares.Conclusões:Os artigos analisados mostraram eficácia na utilização de óleos vegetais no controle do biofilme dental, sendo esses aplicados clinicamente,não mostrando prejuízo aos participantes e indicados como coadjuvante na manutenção da saúde bucal (AU).

Introduction:Mouthwash therapy with vegetable oils is a traditional culture in India with the aim of preventing oral diseases, such as caries and periodontal disease. Currently, with the changes in the dietary patterns of society, the use of natural oils has been used with greater value, since studies demonstrate its importance for health.Objective:This integrative review aimed to select evidence that showed the use of vegetable oils, with antimicrobial action, in the control of dental biofilm. Methodology:Thebibliographic survey was carried out in July and August 2020, through electronic research, consulting the Pubmed and SciELO database (Scientific Electronic Library Online). The descriptors were used: Vegetable oils, antimicrobial agents, dental plaque, preventive dentistry and dentistry, the descriptors were used separately and in cross-section with the Boolean operator AND. The following inclusion criteria were used: Clinical studies, complete and freely available articles, published between 2010 and 2020in Portuguese and / or English, and indexed in the databases already cited. Course completion papers, dissertations, theses, books and book chapters were excluded, as well as duplicate articles that did not address the subject of the study. Results:Four studies of randomized clinical type met the research criteria, which showed efficiency of vegetable oils used in the control of dental biofilm. Conducting research involving and motivating the industrialization of natural products contributes to the National Policy on Integrative and Complementary Practices.Conclusions:The analyzed articles showed efficacy in the use of vegetable oils in the control of dental biofilm, which were applied clinically without showing any harm to the participants and indicatedas an adjunct in maintaining oral health (AU).

Introducción: La terapia de enjuague bucal con aceites vegetales es una cultura tradicional en India con el objetivo de prevenir enfermedades bucales, como caries y enfermedad periodontal. Actualmente, con los cambios en los patrones dietéticos de la sociedad, se ha utilizado con mayor valor el uso de aceites naturales, ya que los estudios demuestran su importancia para la salud. Objetivo: Esta revisión integradora tuvo como objetivo seleccionar evidencias que mostraran el uso de aceites vegetales, con acción antimicrobiana, en el control del biofilm dental.Metodología: El relevamiento bibliográfico se realizó en julio y agosto de 2020, mediante investigación electrónica, consultando la base de datos Pubmed y SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online). Se utilizaron los descriptores: Aceites vegetales, agentes antimicrobianos, placa dental, odontología preventiva y odontología, los descriptores se utilizaron por separado y en corte transversal con el operador booleano AND. Se utilizaron los siguientes criterios de inclusión: Estudios clínicos, artículos completos y de libre acceso, publicados entre 2010 y 2020 en portugués y / o inglés, e indexados en las bases de datos ya citadas. Se excluyeron trabajos de finalización de curso, disertaciones, tesis, libros y capítulosde libros, así como artículos duplicados que no abordaran el tema de estudio. Resultados: Cuatro estudios de tipo clínico aleatorizado cumplieron con los criterios de investigación, los cuales mostraron la eficiencia de los aceites vegetales utilizados enel control del biofilm dental. Realizar investigaciones que involucren y motiven la industrialización de productos naturales contribuye a la Política Nacional de Prácticas Integrativas y Complementarias.Conclusiones: Los artículos analizados mostraron eficacia en el uso de aceites vegetales en el control del biofilm dental, los cuales fueron aplicados clínicamente sin mostrar daño a los participantes e indicados como coadyuvante en el mantenimiento de la salud bucal (AU).

Methods for Caries Prevention in Children Reported by Dentists from a Brazilian Community

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the dental practice patterns related to caries prevention in children aged 6-18 years and associated factors. Material and Methods: Dentists (n=162) from Araraquara, Brazil, completed two paper questionnaires: (1) one about characteristics of their practice and their patient population; and (2) a translated version of the "Assessment of Caries Diagnosis and Caries Treatment" Questionnaire from the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network. Regression analyses were used for data analysis (p<0.05). Results: Dentists reported using in-office fluoride (IOF) and dental sealants (DS) in 74.2% and 45.1% of their pediatric patients, respectively. Regression analysis showed that female dentists (p=0.035 for DS; p=0.044 for IOF; p=0.011 for non-prescription fluoride rinse), those with advanced degrees (p=0.032 for prescription of fluoride), those who graduated from a private dental school (p=0.018 for chlorhexidine rinse), those who provided caries prevention regimens (p<0.001 for DS; p=0.004 for IOF; p=0.013 for non-prescription fluoride rinse), those with a greater percentage of patients interested in a caries prevention regimen (p=0.007 for non-prescription fluoride rinse), those working in a private practice model (p=0.047 for prescription of fluoride) were more likely to recommend some type of preventive methods to their pediatric patients. Conclusion: Dentists reported recommending IOF to most of their pediatric patients. Certain dentists', practices', and patients' characteristics were associated to some caries prevention regimens recommended by dentists.

Potential Effectiveness of Poly-Vitamins and Probiotics among Preschool Children Living within Iodine Deficiency Territory to Caries Prevention

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the potential effect of poly-vitamins and probiotics use among preschool children permanently living within iodine deficiency territory on caries prevention. Material and Methods: 80 children aged 2-3 years old were randomly distributed among the study group (21 male and 19 females) and control group (20 males and 20 females). Oral fluid samples were formed from each study subject during primary examination and after 1 year of monitoring, which further were analyzed by parameters associated with mineralization potential of oral fluid. Both groups were provided with oral hygiene educational training, while the study group was also prescribed with poly-vitamin-mineral drug complex and probiotics. Results: After 1 year of monitoring, no significant changes considering caries prevalence (p>0.05) or intensity (p>0.05) values were registered among study and control groups. Difference of free calcium level, phosphate ion level and alkaline phosphatase activity was statistically approved (p<0.05) while comparing between study and control group after 12 months of monitoring. Conclusion: Caries preventive approach consisted of oral hygiene educational training and course of properly prescribed poly-vitamins and probiotics intake demonstrates positive results related to the changes within mineralization potential of oral fluid among preschool children with long-term residence over geographically associated iodine-deficient territory.

Cárie Dentária: considerações clínicas e radiográficas para seu diagnóstico / Dental Caries: clinical and radiographic considerations for diagnosis

Introdução: O diagnóstico correto da cárie dentária é fundamental para o estabelecimento do seu tratamento. Ele pode ser realizado por diferentes métodos, os mais comuns são por meio da inspeção visual e do exame radiográfico. Objetivo: Discutir, a partir de uma revi-são de literatura, o diagnóstico clínico-radiográficoda doença cárie e a sua importância na instituição do tratamento correto para tal doença. Materiais e métodos: oi realizada uma revisão da literatura nas bases de dados eletrônicos: PubMed, BVS e Scielo, através do ras-treio de artigos relevantes publicados no período de Janeiro de 2015 à Junho 2020. Foram incluídos ainda na bibliografia selecionada 2 livros e 1 tese de doutorado, que fazem consi-derações relevantes sobre o assunto estudado. Resultados: Na inspeção visual, a apresen-tação da superfície dentária é bastante importante na determinação da atividade da lesão de cárie, devem ser considerados o aspecto, o brilho e a coloração da superfície dental para tal determinação. A radiografia é um complemento usado para auxiliar no diagnóstico forne-cendo mais visibilidade e detecção das lesões cariosas permitindo melhor visualização das superfícies proximais em dentes posteriores, auxiliando no diagnóstico das lesões nessas superfícies. Conclusão: O diagnóstico correto exige bastante conhecimento do examina-dor, pois manchas opacas presentes no esmalte nem sempre são lesões cariosas e podem refletir uma perda de mineral na estrutura desse tecido que se desenvolveu por diferentes causas, sendo elas pré ou pós-eruptivas. O diagnóstico precoce e preciso da cárie dentária é fundamental, pois essa doença ainda é a principal causa de perda dentária.

Introduction:The correct diagnosis of dental caries is fundamental for the establishment of its treatment. It can be carried out by different methods and the most common is through visual inspection and radiographic examination.Objective:to discuss, based on a litera-ture review, the clinical and radiographic diagnosis of caries disease and its importance in establishing the correct treatment for this disease.Materials and methods:a literature review was carried out on the electronic databases: PubMed, BVS and Scielo, by a search of relevant articles published from January 2015 to June 2020. Also, 2 books and 1 PhD thesis were included in the selected bibliography, since they bring relevant considerations on the subject studied.Results:In the visual inspection, the presentation of the dental sur-face is very important in determining the activity of the caries lesion, the aspect, the bri-ghtness, and the coloring of the dental surface must be considered for such determination. Radiography is a complement used to assist in diagnosis by providing more visibility and detection of carious lesions, allowing a better visualization of proximal surfaces in poste-rior teeth, helping in the diagnosis of lesions on these surfaces.Conclusion:The correct diagnosis requires a lot of knowledge from the examiner because opaque stains present in the enamel are not always carious lesions and can reflect a loss of mineral in the structure of this tissue that has developed for different causes, whether pre- or post-eruptive. Early and accurate diagnosis of tooth decay is essential, as this disease is still the main cause of tooth loss.

Cárie dentária: considerações clínicas e radiográficas para seu diagnóstico / Dental caries: clinical and radiographic considerations for diagnosis

Introdução: O diagnóstico correto da cárie dentária é fundamental para o estabelecimento do seu tratamento. Ele pode ser realizado por diferentes métodos, os mais comuns são por meio da inspeção visual e do exame radiográfico. Objetivo: Discutir, a partir de uma revi-são de literatura, o diagnóstico clínico-radiográficoda doença cárie e a sua importância na instituição do tratamento correto para tal doença. Materiais e métodos: oi realizada uma revisão da literatura nas bases de dados eletrônicos: PubMed, BVS e Scielo, através do ras-treio de artigos relevantes publicados no período de Janeiro de 2015 à Junho 2020. Foram incluídos ainda na bibliografia selecionada 2 livros e 1 tese de doutorado, que fazem consi-derações relevantes sobre o assunto estudado. Resultados: Na inspeção visual, a apresen-tação da superfície dentária é bastante importante na determinação da atividade da lesão de cárie, devem ser considerados o aspecto, o brilho e a coloração da superfície dental para tal determinação. A radiografia é um complemento usado para auxiliar no diagnóstico forne-cendo mais visibilidade e detecção das lesões cariosas permitindo melhor visualização das superfícies proximais em dentes posteriores, auxiliando no diagnóstico das lesões nessas superfícies. Conclusão: O diagnóstico correto exige bastante conhecimento do examina-dor, pois manchas opacas presentes no esmalte nem sempre são lesões cariosas e podem refletir uma perda de mineral na estrutura desse tecido que se desenvolveu por diferentes causas, sendo elas pré ou pós-eruptivas. O diagnóstico precoce e preciso da cárie dentária é fundamental, pois essa doença ainda é a principal causa de perda dentária.

Introduction:The correct diagnosis of dental caries is fundamental for the establishment of its treatment. It can be carried out by different methods and the most common is through visual inspection and radiographic examination.Objective:to discuss, based on a litera-ture review, the clinical and radiographic diagnosis of caries disease and its importance in establishing the correct treatment for this disease.Materials and methods:a literature review was carried out on the electronic databases: PubMed, BVS and Scielo, by a search of relevant articles published from January 2015 to June 2020. Also, 2 books and 1 PhD thesis were included in the selected bibliography, since they bring relevant considerations on the subject studied.Results:In the visual inspection, the presentation of the dental sur-face is very important in determining the activity of the caries lesion, the aspect, the bri-ghtness, and the coloring of the dental surface must be considered for such determination. Radiography is a complement used to assist in diagnosis by providing more visibility and detection of carious lesions, allowing a better visualization of proximal surfaces in poste-rior teeth, helping in the diagnosis of lesions on these surfaces.Conclusion:The correct diagnosis requires a lot of knowledge from the examiner because opaque stains present in the enamel are not always carious lesions and can reflect a loss of mineral in the structure of this tissue that has developed for different causes, whether pre- or post-eruptive. Early and accurate diagnosis of tooth decay is essential, as this disease is still the main cause of tooth loss.

Fisiopatologia da cárie dentária: entendendo o processo carioso / Physiopathology of the Dental Care: Understanding the Caries Process

Introdução: Cárie Dentária é o termo utilizado para caracterizar lesões em diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento. Estes processos patológicos ocorrem nas superfícies dos dentes por meses ou até anos. Objetivo: Explorar a fisiopatologia da cárie dentária, para que os cirurgiões-dentistas entendam o processo carioso e possam escolher a melhor terapêutica. Metodologia: O estudo caracterizou-se por um levantamento bibliográfico, utilizando-se de artigos científicos indexados na base de dados PubMED/Medline, publicados no período dos últimos 5 anos. Foram consultados 7.918 trabalhos e, destes, 21 foram selecionados após criteriosa filtragem. Resultados e discussão: As lesões cariosas são resultados de um desequilíbrio fisiológico entre o conteúdo mineral do dente e os fluidos da cavidade oral, em que ­ através de reações metabólicas ­ provocam a queda do pH, contribuindo para a desmineralização. A cárie pode comprometer o esmalte, dentina e/ou cemento, podendo progredir à total destruição do dente. Conclusões: Em virtude disso, a fisiopatologia da cárie dentária é um fenômeno estudado por décadas e cada vez mais se sabe sobre os processos envolvidos. Compreendê-los, portanto, permite aos profissionais da área um embasamento necessário para que se possa escolher o manejo terapêutico mais adequado para cada caso.

Introduction: Dental Caries is the term used to characterize lesions in different stages of development. These pathological processes occur on tooth surfaces for months or even years. Objective: To explore the pathophysiology of dental caries, so that dental surgeons understand the carious process and can choose the best therapy. Methodology: The study was characterized by a bibliographic survey, using scientific articles indexed in the PubMED / Medline database, published in the last 5 years. A total of 7,918 papers were consulted and 21 were selected after careful filtering. Results and discussion: Carious lesions are the result of a physiological imbalance between the mineral content of the tooth and the oral cavity fluids, which - through metabolic reactions - cause the pH to drop, contributing to demineralization. Caries can compromise enamel, dentin and / or cementum and may progress to complete tooth destruction. Conclusions: Because of this, the pathophysiology of dental caries is a phenomenon studied for decades and is increasingly known about the processes involved. Understanding them, therefore, allows professionals in the area to have the necessary background to choose the most appropriate therapeutic management for each case.

Are Brazilian dentists and dental students using the ICCC recommendations for caries management?

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate whether dentists and dental undergraduate students know the terminology of the International Caries Consensus Collaboration (ICCC), and make their restorative treatment decisions regarding carious tissue removal accordingly. Data collection was performed using an electronic questionnaire, considering: a) profile of the respondent; b) analysis of four clinical cases with respect to possible management strategies; and c) questions on cariology field terminology. Sample size consisted of 175 dentists and 66 last semester dental students. Statistical analyses were performed comparing profile, type of institution and dental specialty of the participants. Results showed students were less conservative and agreed less with the ICCC than dentists, and private schools, less than public institutions. Private institutions were 12% (95%CI = 0.833-0.949; p = 0.000) more likely to be less updated with the ICCC recommendations than public institutions, and dentists were 20% more likely to agree with them than students (95%CI = 1.118-1.302; p = 0.000). Dentists were 66% more likely to be conservative than students (95%CI = 0.203-0.554; p = 0.000); dentists and students who graduated or were graduating from public universities were twice as likely to be conservative as those from private universities (95%CI = 1.336-3.333; p = 0.001). In conclusion, students in the last semester are less conservative than dentists, and respondents who graduated or were graduating from public dental schools were more aligned with the current concepts of the ICCC. Several answers were not aligned with ICCC directives, thus showing that management of deep carious lesions still causes restorative therapeutic insecurity.

Prevalence of facial trauma in contact sports practitioners in the Federal District of Brazil

Abstract Aims: The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of oral and dentoalveolar trauma among contact sports practitioners in the Federal District of Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using a questionnaire developed specifically for this research regarding the occurrence of facial trauma, site of injuries, how they occurred, the approach is taken to solve the problem, and the use of several types of mouthguards. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 software, and the chi-square test (X2) was chosen to examine the differences between categorical variables. The results were considered statistically significant for p<0.05. Results: A total of 141 athletes were interviewed, with a prevalence of facial trauma of 65.2%, which was higher in professional athletes (71.1%). Lesions ranged from soft tissue lacerations to combined trauma; and the most frequent injuries were soft tissue laceration (53.3%), combined trauma (16.3%), and dental fracture (9.8%). Only 20.6% of the participants required treatment for related injuries. Regarding the use of mouthguards, 34% of the athletes reported regular use of this device, and Type II mouthguard was the most used (39.7%). Dentists participate in the process of production and dissemination of mouthguards in 17.1% and 10.5% of cases, respectively. Conclusion: The data showed that most athletes are not aware of the importance of using mouthguards. The dentist must be more present in the area of sports dentistry, both for awareness and production of these devices, which support the safe practice of contact sports.